What is a possible complication of untreated COPD?

Untreated Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) can lead to several complications, with heart failure being a common consequence. COPD causes chronic inflammation and damage in the airways and lungs, leading to reduced airflow and difficulty in breathing. Over time, the heart, particularly the right ventricle, can become strained due to increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries, a condition known as cor pulmonale. This results from the heart working harder to pump blood through damaged lungs. As the disease progresses and lung function declines, the heart may not be able to compensate, leading to heart failure.

In contrast, while kidney stones, pulmonary embolism, and diabetic ketoacidosis are serious conditions, they are not directly related to the pathophysiological processes associated with untreated COPD. Kidney stones are primarily linked to metabolic issues and hydration status, while pulmonary embolism can occur from various causes unrelated to COPD. Diabetic ketoacidosis is specifically related to unmanaged diabetes, making it an unlikely complication stemming from COPD. Thus, heart failure represents a significant and plausible complication arising from the chronic effects of untreated COPD.